Tuesday, March 10, 2009

Ode to a Nightingale

1.  There was much death and tragedy in Keats' life, and he went looking for solace that was found in the form of sweet birdsong.  He sought calm in the woods to soothe his inner turmoil, and I believe he wrote about it because it was obviously a revelation on his part and deserved to be shared with others.  Since it was the nightingale who inspired him to this epiphany, the poem is dedicated to the bird. 

2. The "religion" of Romanticism was largely Nature.  It was very common for Romantics to take frequent strolls through the woods, or to live in small cabins, living a simple life.  The religion of Nature was all about simplicity.  Walking was strongly connected to Nature because was, and still is, one of the chief ways to escape from the material world.  Walking through Nature is precisely what Keats did to find solitude, calm, and enlightenment.  In this way the poem "Ode to a Nightingale" embodies the Romantic spirit because of it's total immersion in Nature. 

3.  The poet's immersion in Nature is shown through several rhetorical devices in stanzas 3 and 6.  He laments to the nightingale in stanza 3, "... thou among the leaves hast never known, The weariness, the fever, and the fret."  Keats is envious of the bird's ignorance and the lack of sorrow and hardships in its life.  The particular personification employed, "Where Beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes, Or new Love pine at them beyond to-morrow," shows a Keats' total immersion in Nature.  It shows this by stating the inevitable passage of time that Nature requires to move on; Keats recognizes the fact that everything will die and decay and become nothing, and this is the root of his need to escape.  
Stanza 6 is a part of the transition from the root of Keats' need to escape to the sudden insight that the nightingale inspires.  He says in apostrophe, "I havev been half in love with easeful Death."  This thought continues later, "Now more than ever seems it rich to die, To cease upon the midnight with no pain," which obviously suggests Keats' desire to let go of all his suffering and be calm.  This is why he has come to immerse himself nature in the first place, to forget, and the nightingale helped him do this.